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- ********************************
- * GATA-type zinc finger domain *
- ********************************
-
- The GATA family of transcription factors are proteins that bind to DNA sites
- with the consensus sequence (A/T)GATA(A/G), found within the regulatory region
- of a number of genes. Proteins currently known to belong to this family are:
-
- - GATA-1 [1] (also known as Eryf1, GF-1 or NF-E1), which binds to the GATA
- region of globin genes and other genes expressed in erythroid cells. It is
- a transcriptional activator which probably serves as a general 'switch'
- factor for erythroid development.
- - GATA-2 [2], a transcriptional activator which regulates endothelin-1 gene
- expression in endothelial cells.
- - GATA-3 [3], a transcriptional activator which binds to the enhancer of the
- T-cell receptor alpha and delta genes.
- - Caenorhabditis elegans elt-1 [4], a transcriptional activator of genes
- containing the GATA region, including vitellogenin genes.
-
- All these transcription factors contain a pair of highly similar 'zinc finger'
- type domains with the consensus sequence C-x2-C-x17-C-x2-C.
-
- Some other proteins contain a single zinc finger motif highly related to those
- of the GATA transcription factors. These proteins are:
-
- - Emericella nidulans areA [5], a transcriptional activator which mediates
- nitrogen metabolite repression.
- - Neurospora crassa nit-2 [6], a transcriptional activator which turns on the
- expression of genes coding for enzymes required for the use of a variety of
- secondary nitrogen sources, during conditions of nitrogen limitation.
- - Saccharomyces cerevisiae DAL81 (or UGA43), a negative nitrogen regulatory
- protein.
- - Saccharomyces cerevisiae GLN3, a positive nitrogen regulatory protein.
-
- -Consensus pattern: C-x-N-C-x(4)-T-x-L-W-R-R-x(3)-G-x(3)-C-N-A-C
- [The four C's are zinc ligands]
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
-
- -Expert(s) to contact by email: Boguski M.S.
- boguski@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
-
- -Last update: October 1993 / Text revised.
-
- [ 1] Trainor C.D., Evans T., Felsenfeld G., Boguski M.S.
- Nature 343:92-96(1990).
- [ 2] Lee M.E., Temizer D.T., Clifford J.A., Quertermous T.
- J. Biol. Chem. 266:16188-16192(1991).
- [ 3] Ho I.-C., Vorhees P., Marin N., Oakley B.K., Tsai S.-F., Orkin S.H.,
- Leiden J.M.
- EMBO J. 10:1187-1192(1991).
- [ 4] Spieth J., Shim Y.H., Lea K., Conrad R., Blumenthal T.
- Mol. Cell. Biol. 11:4651-4659(1991).
- [ 5] Arst H.N. Jr., Kudla B., Martinez-Rossi N.M., Caddick M.X., Sibley S.,
- Davies R.W.,
- Trends Genet. 5:291-291(1989).
- [ 6] Fu Y.-H., Marzluf G.A.
- Mol. Cell. Biol. 10:1056-1065(1990).
-